中医常用三种退热法Three kinds of Chinese medicine commonly used cooling method

讲到发烧，恐怕每个人都有切身的体会。对发热的诊治，中西医学有不同的方法。但两者相比，中医诊治发热更富有特色。
　　为了便于大家理解，在讲具体内容之前，我们先来观察一种生活现象，如果我把一个高热的病人比作一壶正在烧开的水，“退热”就是要使这壶水冷却下来，你想有几种方法?我想至少有3种：首先，要把炉火关掉，以减少产热，这叫“釜底抽薪”;其次，应把壶盖打开，或将开水搅拌，以增加散热，所谓“扬汤止沸”;再次，可往开水中兑入冷水，甚至冰块，所谓“热者寒之”。其实，这三种方法在中医的退热治疗中都十分常用。下面就来具体讲讲这三种退热方法的应用。
　　1.釜底抽薪法
　　相当于中医“通腑泄热法”，即用苦寒通便的药物来达到退热的目的。主要适用于高热而有便秘的病人。如病人出现高热汗出，大便不通，腹胀、腹痛拒按，甚至胡言乱语，舌苔黄糙起刺，脉滑有力时。此犹如锅下柴多火旺，抽去柴薪则火熄热退。故常用大黄、芒硝等药，或将其配入清热方剂中，以通利大便，泻下热结，使邪热从下而去，可达到去火退热之功;再者，通便去火，又能保护阴液，犹如防止火太旺而将水烧干，限制体温上升，这也有利于退热。
　　2.扬汤止沸法
　　相当于中医“疏散退热法”，即用药性辛散的药物来达到退热的目的。它主要包括两个内容，一是发汗退热法，适用于表证发热的病人，常见发热与恶寒怕冷同时并见，无汗或有汗不畅，这是由于体表受外邪困遏引起的发热，因受邪性质的不同和病人体质的差异，又可分为风寒表证和风热表证两大类。前者恶寒明显，一般无汗，且兼有头痛，肢体酸痛，鼻塞流清涕，口不渴，咽喉不痛，脉浮紧等;后者发热明显，一般有汗，且兼有头痛，口渴，咽喉肿痛，脉浮数等。发汗退热法宜根据寒热之异来选取不同的药物，如风寒表证常用辛温发汗药，如麻黄、桂枝、羌活等;风热表证常用辛凉发汗药，如柴胡、升麻、薄荷等。通过发汗散邪，使邪热外达，发热随之减轻，从而达到退热之效，符合中医经典著作《黄帝内经》所说的“体若燔炭，汗也而散”的治则，发汗法对无汗高热者尤其有效。二是升散退热法，适用于内有郁热的病人，因邪热内郁于里，常表现为发热，胸膈烦热，口干唇裂，面色红赤，口舌生疮，舌红苔黄，脉数等，可于清热方剂中酌加薄荷、升麻等以加强疏散清热之功，此符合《黄帝内经》所说的“火郁发之”的治则。但应注意的是，发汗退热法虽十分常用，且有很好的退热作用，但过汗能损伤津液，故对体虚病人应当慎用。
　　3.热者寒之法
　　也是中医最常用的退热法之一，即用药性寒凉(甘寒或苦寒)的药物来达到退热的目的。主要适用于发热而不恶寒的病人。如见高热不退，汗出较多，口渴喜喝冷饮，脉象洪大而数时，为热盛津伤证，此时不能用发汗退热法，宜用甘寒退热法，如石膏、生地、麦冬等;如见高热烦躁，口燥咽干，便秘尿热，舌红苔黄，脉数有力，为热毒炽盛证，当用苦寒清热法，如黄连、黄芩、黄柏、栀子等。由于本类药物性多寒凉，易伤脾胃，故应注意适可而止。
　　最后，值得指出的是，上述三法皆宜于实热证，不宜于虚热证;在临床上可以单独应用，如能根据具体情况结合应用则退热效果会更好。另外，病人高热大汗时，中医并不主张用冰袋等冷敷法，以免影响出汗，反不利于退热。

Mentioned fever, I am afraid that everyone has personal experience. Diagnosis and treatment of fever, Chinese and Western medicine have different approaches. However, both compared to the Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of fever is more unique. U.S. in order to facilitate understanding, speaking at the specific content, we first observed the phenomenon of a life, if I put a high fever are sick as a pot of boiling water, "fever" is to put the pot of water to cool down, There are several ways you think? I want to have at least three kinds: First of all, it is necessary to turn off the fire in order to reduce heat production, called "drastic"; Secondly, should be put壶盖open, or to water mixing, to increase the bulk hot, the so-called "Yang soup boil only"; again, allowed to gain access to water in兑入cold water, and even ice, the so-called "hot from cold." In fact, these three methods in Chinese medicine the treatment of fever are very common. Here's to talk about specific methods of the three cooling applications.

1. Drastic method Equivalent to traditional Chinese medicine "Tongfu泄热Law", which uses cold Tongbian antipyretic drugs to achieve the purpose. Mainly applicable to high fever and constipation patients. Patients such as high fever sweat, faeces barrier, abdominal distension, abdominal pain by refusing to even Gibberish, yellow tongue coating umbrosa from thorns, when a strong pulse Waterloo. This is like many Huowang firewood under the pot, removing firewood put out the fire hot back then. It is commonly used rhubarb, Glauber's salt, such as medicines, or with income Qingre prescription in order to Tom Lee stool, diarrhea under the hot junction, so that evil away from the hot, can reach the reactive去火antipyretic; Furthermore, Tongbian go fire, while protecting阴液as if the prevention of fire and water wang too dry, limiting the temperature rise, which is also conducive to cooling.

2. Jan soup boiling method only Equivalent to traditional Chinese medicine "evacuation fever law", that is, medication辛散of the drug to achieve the purpose of cooling. It mainly includes two elements, one sweating fever law, applies to evidence of febrile patients恶寒common cold and fever at the same time and see, no Khan or Khan has impeded, This is because the body surface by外邪the hardship caused to suppress fever, due to the different nature of evil and sick physical differences, can be divided into hot and wind chill table card table card two broad categories. The former恶寒Obviously, the general non-Khan, and a combination of headache, aching limbs, blocked flow-ching T,不渴the mouth, throat pain, tight floating pulse, etc.; latter fever Clearly, there is generally Khan, and a combination of headache, thirst, sore throat, floating pulse, etc.. Transpiration cooling method appropriate under the cold and heat differences to select different drugs, such as evidence of common cold Xin Wen diaphoretic, such as ephedra, Guizhi, Notopterygium etc.; evidence of commonly used hot wind辛凉diaphoretic, such as Chaihu, acteoside , mint and so on. Scattered through the sweating evil, so evil things hot up, then reduce the heat to achieve the cooling effect, in line with the classics of Chinese medicine, "Huang Di Nei Jing" as "body if Burnt charcoal, Khan is also the break up" the rule is, sudorific Anhidrotic heat on those who are particularly effective. Second, casual or cooling law, apply to have the hot Yu sick, because of evil with Yu in hot years, usually fever,胸膈烦热, dry mouth lip, pale red red, mouth sores, mamillata Carex Huang , pulse, etc., can be Qingre Prescription Medium酌加mint, Cimicifuga, such as to enhance the evacuation Qingre of power, this in line with the "Huang Di Nei Jing," described as "hair of the fire Yu" is the rule. It should be noted, is that sweating Although fever is very common, and have very good cooling effect, but before Khan can damage body fluid, it should be used with caution on sick体虚.

3. Hot from cold Law Chinese medicine is the most commonly used method of cooling one, that is, use of cold (or cold甘寒) drugs to achieve the purpose of cooling. Mainly applicable to heat without恶寒patients. See such as high fever not to reclaim, more sweat, thirst-hi cold drink, and several Hong pulse when hot Sheng Jin injury card, at this time should not use sweating fever law, antipyretic甘寒suitable method, such as gypsum , root, Ophiopogon japonicus, etc.; see heat such as irritability,口燥throat, constipation, hot urine, mamillata Carex yellow, pulse a few powerful drug for flaming hot card, when used cold Qingre law, such as Coptis, Scutellaria, Phellodendron, Gardenia, etc..

Because of the many types of drug-induced cold, easily hurt the spleen and stomach, it should be noted that in moderation. Finally, it should be noted that the above three methods in the real hot-Safe certification, not in the cards虚热; up alone in clinical applications, such as the specific circumstances in accordance with the joint application of the cooling effect will be even better. In addition, high fever sweat when sick, do not advocate use Chinese medicine, such as cold pack method, so as not to affect sweating, is not conducive to anti-fever.

感冒分寒热 吃药应辨证Cold sub-chills and fever should take medicine Differentiation

感冒初期一般多见鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏、恶风、继则发热、咳嗽、咽痒或头痛、身体酸楚不适。病程约5~7天左右。一般感冒全身症状不重，较少出现合并症。时行感冒多呈流行性，常突然恶寒，甚至寒战、高热，周身酸痛，全身症状明显，且可发生其他病症。
　　中医认为，感冒是人体感受六淫之邪、时行病毒导致的常见外感疾病。至于外邪侵犯人体是否发病，关键在于人体的正气强弱，同时与感邪的轻重有关。如果感邪较重，老人、孩子、体弱患者也可以合并其他病症。因感冒有一定的传染性，在易感季节特别是春夏发病率很高，对人体健康影响较大，因此必须积极防治。
　　感冒初期一般多见鼻塞、流涕、喷嚏、恶风、继则发热、咳嗽、咽痒或头痛、身体酸楚不适。病程约5~7天左右。一般感冒全身症状不重，较少出现合并症。时行感冒多呈流行性，常突然恶寒，甚至寒战、高热，周身酸痛，全身症状明显，且可发生其他病症。由于感受邪气寒热不同，以及人体正气强弱不同，故临床主要表现为风寒或风热感冒。
　　风寒感冒 恶寒(怕冷)重，发热轻，身紧，全身肌肉骨节酸痛，无汗，流清涕，打喷嚏。治疗可选用辛温解表、疏风散寒的感冒冲剂，感冒软胶囊等药物，风寒感冒兼有咳嗽的可选用通宣理肺丸。
　　风热感冒 发热较重，恶寒较轻，或不恶寒，咽痛，尿黄，大便干。治疗应辛凉解表，疏风清热。发热为主的选用清开灵，兼咽痛的选用银翘解毒丸，兼咳嗽的选用桑菊感冒片，头痛为主的选用芎菊上清丸。
　　白血球不高的感冒患者，也就是患病毒感冒的人，应选用中药治疗为主。临床特别需要提醒患者的是吃中药一定要辨证。有些患者得了感冒不分风寒风热，自己到药店买中成药吃，得了风热感冒吃治疗风寒感冒的药，结果适得其反，起到了火上加油的作用，使病情加重。

Generally found the early cold stuffy nose, runny nose, sneeze, evil winds, following the fever, cough, pharyngeal itching or headache, body discomfort sorrow and grief. Course of about 5 ~ 7 days. General cold symptoms are not severe, less complications. When the line mostly pandemic influenza, often suddenly恶寒, even shivering, high fever, whole body pain, general symptoms, and other ailments can occur.


Chinese medicine practitioners believe that the body feel cold Six of evil, when the line leading to a common virus exopathic disease. As外邪whether the incidence of violations of the human body, the key lies in the strength of the human body upright and at the same time with the evil of the severity of flu-related. If the sense of evil heavier, the elderly, children, frail patients with other diseases can also be combined. Cases of influenza have a certain infectious, especially at the susceptible season of high incidence in spring and summer, a greater impact on human health, prevention and treatment must therefore be positive. Generally found the early cold stuffy nose, runny nose, sneeze, evil winds, following the fever, cough, pharyngeal itching or headache, body discomfort sorrow and grief. Course of about 5 ~ 7 days.

General cold symptoms are not severe, less complications. When the line mostly pandemic influenza, often suddenly恶寒, even shivering, high fever, whole body pain, general symptoms, and other ailments can occur. Evil feel different because of cold and heat, as well as the strength of the body upright, so the major clinical manifestations for cold or风热感冒. 恶寒cold cold (cold) heavy, light fever, body tight muscles aching joints, no sweat, tears stream-ching, sneezing. Xin Wen treatment of choice solution sheet, Wind and cold-dispelling cold granules, soft capsules, such as cold medicine, cold flu cough both optional Xuan Tung Lung pill.

Fever风热感冒heavier, lighter恶寒, or恶寒, pharyngodynia,尿黄, do stool. Therapy should be辛凉solution form, Shufeng Qingre. Fever mainly selected Qingkailing, and the choice of pharyngodynia Yinqiaojiedu pills, cough and cold tablets桑菊selection, selection headache pills Xiongshao Ju supernatant. Low white blood cell counts in patients with colds, that is, people suffering from common cold virus, should use traditional Chinese medicine-based treatment.

Clinical special needs patients are reminded to eat traditional Chinese medicine must be dialectical. Some patients had a cold wind cold wind, regardless of heat, its own proprietary Chinese medicines to the pharmacy to buy food,风热感冒had to eat cold flu treatment drug, resulting in opposite effects, add fuel to the fire played a role, so that aggravate their condition.

咳嗽不停 简单方法治疗The easiest way to keep the treatment of cough

Cough is a symptom, and can cause many diseases. Chinese medicine it is divided into internal exopathic cough and cough. For exopathic cough, Chinese medicine and hot wind, cold, heat the sub-cough. 1. Wind hot cough: fever, dry mouth pharyngodynia, cough spit thick sputum.

◇ Yuxingcao 15 grams, 6 grams leaves, mint 10 grams.取汁decoction served at 3 times daily one.

◇ mulberry leaf, chrysanthemum the lO grams, 6 grams almonds.取汁decoction served at 3 times daily one.

◇ Yuxingcao l5 grams Mahonia 10 grams, 6 grams almonds.取汁decoction served at 3 times daily one. 2. Cold cough: expectoration thin, and many headaches, stuffy nose, itchy throat body weight. Or have恶寒fever.

◇ dates go ripping out five nuclear release one small piece of ginger, then squash, baked yellow,煎水drinking.

◇ 30 grams brown sugar, ginger 3, jujube 3.取汁dressed in uniforms or decoction.

◇ perilla leaf, 10 grams each Aster. Crystal sugar 30 grams. 2 flavor before decoction, Add rock sugar, check药汁sub 3 ~ 4 times饮服. 3. Scorching cough: dry cough less sputum, dry nose and lips dry, thirsty drink hi.

◇ Maidong 10 grams, 6 grams almonds, 30 grams of fresh梨皮.取汁decoction served at 3 times daily one.

◇ Chuanbei powder 6 grams of a fresh pear, sugar 30 grams. Pear l will be left to go nuclear Add tubeimoside skin, sugar, after the consumption of steam.

◇ a persimmon, Fritillaria powder 3 grams. Persimmon incision will go nuclear, add Fritillaria powder, steamed edible.

◇ 50 grams pine nut kernels, walnut 100 grams, 25 grams cooked honey. Former Black inquiry after taste 2 cooked honey reconcile. Daily morning and evening to water冲服lO grams.

◇ North Adenophora 15 grams, 10 grams almonds. Decoction 3 times取汁hours service.