观指甲 测健康 1 Concept of measuring the health of fingernails

中医认为，指甲为脏腑气血的外荣，与人体的脏腑经络有直接联系，能够充分地反映人体生理、病理变化。正如上海华东医院推拿科朱鼎成副主任所介绍的，通过观察指甲的形状、大小、颜色能够反映一个人的健康基本状况，甚至看出他潜在的健康危机;而通过指甲的光泽、纹路、斑点等等的变化，则可以推断出身体正在悄悄发生的病变。所以，学会观察指甲，就是学会了一种最为简易的健康自测方法。
　　不同甲形，不同体质
　　甲形主要包括指甲的长宽比例和指甲的形状这两个方面，因为甲形多与先天性的遗传因素有关，所以从甲形上看出来的多半属于本身体质上的差异。
　　比例
　　长形：指甲偏长的人，性格比较温和不急躁，所以精神因素刺激引起的疾病在他们身上比较少见。但是因为先天的体质比较偏弱，免疫系统较差，很容易患上急性炎症性疾病，如上呼吸道感染、胃肠炎，以及脑部、胸部的疾病。
　　短形：指甲偏短的人，属于比较容易急躁冲动的性格。这类人的心脏功能先天性相对较弱，比较容易发生从腹部到腰部，以及腿脚等下半身的疾病。如果指甲的尖端平平并且嵌进肉里面了，则比较容易发生神经痛、风湿等疾病。
　　方形：这类指甲的长度与宽度相接近，指甲接近正方形，这类人的体质比较差，往往属于无力型，虽然没有什么明显的大病，但是很容易成为很多遗传性疾病患者。如果女性出现这样的指甲，应该警惕子宫和卵巢方面出现问题。
　　TIPS：最健康的指甲长与宽的比例应该是4：3。
　　形状
　　百合形：指甲比较长，中间明显突起，四周内曲，形状犹如百合片。这类指甲多见于女性，这种指甲的形状是最漂亮的，但拥有此甲的人多半从小就比较多病，尤其是消化系统方面经常容易出问题，还比较容易患血液系统疾病。
　　扇形：这类指甲下窄上宽，指端成弧形。拥有扇形指甲的人，多半为天生的强体质型，从小身体素质就很好，耐受能力很强，但是他们很容易忽视自己的健康。在成年或者老年时比较容易患十二指肠溃疡、胆囊炎甚至肝病等。
　　圆形：呈圆形的指甲，主人看上去体格健壮，很少得病。这类人对于疾病的反应十分的不灵敏，很难自觉出身体的异况，所以，一旦生病，往往就很重。在他们身上最易发生的便是溃疡出血、胰腺炎、心脏功能紊乱甚至癌症。
　　不同甲色，不同警示
　　甲色讲的是指甲的光泽度和颜色。健康人的指甲有一定的光泽并且很均匀，好像一块光滑的玻璃，而且指甲应该是美丽的粉红色。一旦甲色发生变化，就说明体内某些地方已经发生了问题，应该引起重视了。
　　光泽
　　甲泽变亮：
　　甲泽变亮有两种。一种是指甲上有块状或者条状部位变亮，而不是整个指甲，这种情况多与胸膜炎、腹腔出现积液有关;另外是整个指甲都像涂了油一样，变得光亮无比，而且指甲变薄，这种多见于甲亢、糖尿病、急性传染病患者。
　　光泽不均：
　　指甲的光泽度不均匀可以表现在不同指甲，也可表现在同一指甲的不同部位。如每个指甲都是前端有光泽，根部毛躁无光，可能存在慢性气管炎和胆囊炎;如果只有部分指甲光泽不均，暗示体内存在某些慢性损害和炎症。
　　失去光泽：
　　如果整个指甲都像毛玻璃一样，完全没有一丝丝的光泽的话，说明体内存在着某些慢性消耗性疾病，如结核病等;而如果体内有着严重的消耗性疾病，如肝脓疡、肺脓疡或长期慢性出血的患者，也都会出现这种情况。
　　颜色
　　甲色偏白：
　　指甲颜色苍白，缺乏血色，多见于营养不良，贫血患者;此外如果指甲突然变白，则常见失血、休克等急症，或者是钩虫病、消化道出血、肺结核晚期、肺源性心脏病等慢性疾病。需要注意的是，如果指甲白得像毛玻璃一样，则是肝硬化的特征。

Chinese medicine practitioners believe that the nail for the internal organs of blood outside the wing, the body's organs and meridians have direct contact, can fully reflect the human physiological and pathological changes.

As Shanghai Huadong Hospital Massage Section ZHU Ding-cheng, deputy director of the introduction, and by observing the fingernails of the shape, size and color can reflect a person's basic state of health, or even seen him a potential health crisis; and through the nail gloss, texture, spot, etc. Change, etc., you can infer that the body of the lesion is slowly happen. Therefore, learning to observe the nail, that is, learned one of the most simple method of self-rated health. A different shape, different physical A nail-shaped mainly includes the aspect ratio and the shape of a nail these two aspects, because a shape with many congenital genetic factors, so from a perspective shaped by more than half belong to their physical differences. The proportion of The elongated shape: long fingernails partial people, more moderate personality is not in haste, so the spirit of factors that stimulate the diseases are relatively rare in their possession. But because the inherent relatively weak physique, poor immune system, it is easy to suffer from acute inflammatory disease, as indicated in respiratory tract infections, gastroenteritis, as well as the brain, chest diseases. Short form: partial nail short people, belong to more easily irritable impulsive personality.

This type of congenital heart function of people relatively weak compared easily from the abdomen to the waist, as well as the ability to walk, etc.下半身diseases. If the nails and cutting-edge flat嵌进meat inside, and are more prone to neuralgia, rheumatism and other diseases. Square: this type of nail length and width of its similarity to a nail near the square, such people are relatively poor physical conditions often can not belong to type, although there is no apparent serious illness, but can easily become a lot of patients with hereditary diseases. If women have such nails, should be wary of uterine and ovarian problems.

TIPS: The most healthy nail length and width ratio should be 4:3. Shape Lily-shaped: long fingernails, between obvious processes, within four weeks of music, like a lily shape tablets. This type of nail was particularly prevalent in women, which the shape of nails are the most beautiful, but a person who owns the most from an early age are more vulnerable to illnesses, especially the digestive system are often vulnerable, but also relatively easy to suffer from blood diseases. Fan: on such a narrow-wide under a nail, the tip of finger into the arc. Have a fan-shaped fingernails of people, mostly born of strong physical type, from the physical on the good, strong resistance, but they are easy to overlook their own health. In adult or old age is easier to suffer from duodenal ulcer, cholecystitis or liver disease, such as. Round: round-shaped nails, the master seems to able-bodied and rarely get sick. Such person for the disease response of insensitivity, it is difficult to consciously vary the status of the body, so, once the sick, often very heavy.

In their possession is the most prone to bleeding ulcers, pancreatitis, cardiac dysfunction and even cancer. A different color, different warning Kaset fingernails are talking about the gloss and colors. The health of the people must have the shiny fingernails and very uniform, like a piece of smooth glass, and nails should be pink beauty.

Once a color change indicates the body has already happened in some places the problem, we should pay attention to the. Gloss A variable-Ze-liang: A Ze-liang has two types of change. Are fingernails on a block or strip parts has become bright, and not the entire nail, which many with pleurisy, abdominal effusion appeared related; the other is painted like the entire nail, like oil, has become extremely bright, but nail thinning, which was particularly prevalent in hyperthyroidism, diabetes, patients with acute infectious disease. Uneven gloss: Uneven gloss nail can be expressed in different nails, can also be manifested in different parts of the same nail. Each front-end such as nails are shiny, dark edgy roots, there may be chronic bronchitis and cholecystitis; if only some of the uneven nail gloss, suggesting in vivo existence of certain chronic damage and inflammation. Dull: If the nails are the same as glass, there is no one fishes sheen, it indicates that the body there are certain chronic wasting disease, such as tuberculosis, etc.; and if the body has a serious wasting disease, such as liver abscess, lung abscess or bleeding in patients with chronic, but also will happen.

Color A white color cast: Fingernails, pale color, lack of color, more common in malnutrition, anemia patients; In addition, if a sudden white nails, the common loss of blood, shock and other emergencies, or hookworm disease, gastrointestinal bleeding, tuberculosis late pulmonary heart disease and other chronic diseases . Attention is required, if the nails as white as frosted glass, it is characteristic of cirrhosis.